I just had extreme pain with this.

Apart from broken PDF tools, GIMP 2.99.x is already really nice. I recommend the Flatpak from flathub-beta.

The 2 big browsers dont seem to support arithmetic coded JPEG at least in PDF!

They will simply display blank pages!

Example PDF

Lets do a list

Tools that are broken

Linux

• Firefox / Librewolf (RPM)
• likely Chromium (see below)
• Scrivano (Flatpak)
• QPDF Tools (Flatpak) (and I suppose qpdf too)
• Rescribe OCR (Flatpak)
• JPEG2PDF (Flatpak, displays correctly but broken image pipe)
• Arianna (Flatpak, not sure if supports PDF)
• NightPDF (Electron/Chromium, Flatpak)

(I dont recommend that software but it works for that purpose. See my list of recommended Flatpak apps here)

Android

• Mull (Firefox Android)
• GrapheneOS PDF, Cuprum PDF, MJ PDF (Chromium Webview)
• SavPDF (maybe also Webview)

Web

• pdf24.org (webservice)
• StirlingPDF (Docker/Podman container)

IOS

• Safari PDF viewer (iOs 16.7.2)

Software that works

Linux, Flatpak (likely also native package)

• KDE Okular
• GNOME Evince (Document Viewer)
• Inkscape
• Libreoffice Draw
• PDF Arranger (libqpdf 11.9.0, pikepdf 8.15.1)
• Bookworm 1.1.2
• KOReader
• Sioyek
• CorePDF
• gImageReader

Android

• muPDF
• Collabora Office
• KOReader, Librera, Orion Viewer (all dont support modern filesystem permissions)

Lets report some issues?