Most people can picture images in their heads - the look of an apple, the appearance of their kitchen or the smile of their best friend - but not everyone can.
Those who cannot visualise anything in their mind’s eye are probably among 1% of people with extreme aphantasia, according to a review of studies on the phenomenon.
They are also less likely to recognise faces, remember the sound of a piece of music or the feel of sandpaper, and more likely to work in science, maths or computing.
And up to 6% of people may experience some degree of aphantasia.
It is not a disorder and does not imply a lack of imagination but can have subtle effects on everyday life, says Prof Adam Zeman, honorary professor of neurology at the University of Exeter, who came up with the term nearly 10 years ago.
I have aphantasia. I never knew it was a thing, or that not being able to picture things in my mind was different from what most people experience until I saw a Ted talk about it a few years ago.
I am a creative person but my creations are very iterative because I have to make something, see it, then decide how I want to change it. But it’s very difficult for me to get a sense of what each change will actually look like until I make it. And inevitably I will need to change more once I see the next stage. So there’s a lot of trial and error, or a lot of ‘versions’ before I’m done.
This only affects visual stuff - painting, molding, drawing, planning to construct something and visualizing the final form, etc. Even just thinking about how a room will look by rearranging furniture is difficult until I actually start moving things.
If I’m creating something that’s not visual, say just writing a story, it’s not an issue.
Recently I started playing chess and it came to my mind that it’s an impossible task for you.
You’re right, I am not good at chess because even with the board in front of me it’s incredibly taxing to try to visualize even a couple moves ahead.